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What (who) is windscreen wiper - definition
![[[Toyota Yaris]] with large single wiper](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/'18 Toyota Yaris LE.jpg?width=200 "[[Toyota Yaris]] with large single wiper")
![[[Pneumatic motor]] drive on a railroad locomotive windscreen wiper. The lever on the motor operates a valve to supply pressurized air.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nahverkehrsmunseum-Triebwagen-431-DSC 6417.jpg?width=200 "[[Pneumatic motor]] drive on a railroad locomotive windscreen wiper. The lever on the motor operates a valve to supply pressurized air.")
![[[Clear view screen]] provides a window of visibility, even in rough seas](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rotating windshield wiper.jpg?width=200 "[[Clear view screen]] provides a window of visibility, even in rough seas")
![DKW-IFA F8 "Luxuscabriolet"]] from [[East Germany]], using a simple radial design with no visible linkages](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Scheibenwischer eines IFA, Bj. 1954 (2008-07-12).jpg?width=200 "DKW-IFA F8 \"Luxuscabriolet\"]] from [[East Germany]], using a simple radial design with no visible linkages")
![Mercedes-Benz O 405 NH]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Transperth Volgren CR225L bodied Mercedes-Benz O405NH CNG.jpg?width=200 "Mercedes-Benz O 405 NH]]")
![LHD]] cars; RHD [[Mercedes-Benz W140]] and some earlier British cars](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer1.svg?width=200 "LHD]] cars; RHD [[Mercedes-Benz W140]] and some earlier British cars")
![Fig. 3: [[SEAT Altea]], [[SEAT León]] II, [[SEAT Toledo]] III](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer9.svg?width=200 "Fig. 3: [[SEAT Altea]], [[SEAT León]] II, [[SEAT Toledo]] III")
![Fig. 4: Simple-arc single-blade system, used on the [[VAZ-1111 Oka]], [[Fiat Panda]] I/[[SEAT Marbella]], [[Fiat Uno]], [[Citroën AX]], [[Citroën BX]], [[Citroën ZX]], [[SEAT Ibiza]] I and 1986-2003 [[Jaguar XJ]]s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer3.svg?width=200 "Fig. 4: Simple-arc single-blade system, used on the [[VAZ-1111 Oka]], [[Fiat Panda]] I/[[SEAT Marbella]], [[Fiat Uno]], [[Citroën AX]], [[Citroën BX]], [[Citroën ZX]], [[SEAT Ibiza]] I and 1986-2003 [[Jaguar XJ]]s")
![W210]]; eccentric design used for passenger wiper on most late-model Mercedes-Benzes](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer4.svg?width=200 "W210]]; eccentric design used for passenger wiper on most late-model Mercedes-Benzes")
![Fig. 6: Pantograph system, used on some [[bus]]es (e.g. [[Mercedes-Benz O305]]), some [[school bus]]es, some [[trolleybus]]es (e.g. [[Ikarus 415T]] and [[ZiU-9]]), some [[train]]s (e.g. [[IE 29000 Class]]) and the [[Kenworth T600]] as well as the rear wiper for the [[Honda CR-X]] Si and the [[Porsche 928]] and for the driver's side of the [[Triumph TR7]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer5.svg?width=200 "Fig. 6: Pantograph system, used on some [[bus]]es (e.g. [[Mercedes-Benz O305]]), some [[school bus]]es, some [[trolleybus]]es (e.g. [[Ikarus 415T]] and [[ZiU-9]]), some [[train]]s (e.g. [[IE 29000 Class]]) and the [[Kenworth T600]] as well as the rear wiper for the [[Honda CR-X]] Si and the [[Porsche 928]] and for the driver's side of the [[Triumph TR7]]")
![MGB]], [[MG Midget]], [[Austin Healey Sprite]] (a 1968 US-only ruling required a certain percentage of the windscreen to be wiped).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer8.svg?width=200 "MGB]], [[MG Midget]], [[Austin Healey Sprite]] (a 1968 US-only ruling required a certain percentage of the windscreen to be wiped).")
![Fig. 8: Obsolete design, found on some older [[fire trucks]] and utility vehicles, some [[school buses]]; same design on single windscreen for [[Jeep Wrangler]] YJ](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer7.svg?width=200 "Fig. 8: Obsolete design, found on some older [[fire trucks]] and utility vehicles, some [[school buses]]; same design on single windscreen for [[Jeep Wrangler]] YJ")
![Fig. 9: [[US military]] wheeled vehicles, [[jeepney]]s, some [[school bus]]es and utility vehicles, [[Hummer H1]] and [[HUMVEE]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer6.svg?width=200 "Fig. 9: [[US military]] wheeled vehicles, [[jeepney]]s, some [[school bus]]es and utility vehicles, [[Hummer H1]] and [[HUMVEE]]")
![RHD]] cars, LHD [[Mercedes-Benz W140]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scheibenwischer10.svg?width=200 "RHD]] cars, LHD [[Mercedes-Benz W140]]")
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Wikipedia
A windscreen wiper, windshield wiper, wiper blade (American English), or simply wiper, is a device used to remove rain, snow, ice, washer fluid, water, or debris from a vehicle's front window. Almost all motor vehicles, including cars, trucks, buses, train locomotives, and watercraft with a cabin—and some aircraft—are equipped with one or more such wipers, which are usually a legal requirement.
A wiper generally consists of a metal arm; one end pivots, and the other end has a long rubber blade attached to it. The arm is powered by a motor, often an electric motor, although pneumatic power is also used for some vehicles. The blade is swung back and forth over the glass, pushing water, other precipitation, or any other impediments to visibility from its surface. The speed is usually adjustable on vehicles made after 1969, with several continuous rates and often one or more intermittent settings. Most personal automobiles use two synchronized radial-type arms, while many commercial vehicles use one or more pantograph arms.
On some vehicles, a windscreen washer system is also used to improve and expand the function of the wiper(s) to dry or icy conditions. This system sprays water, or an antifreeze window washer fluid, at the windscreen using several well-positioned nozzles. This system helps remove dirt or dust from the windscreen when used in concert with the wiper blades. When antifreeze washer fluid is used, it can help the wipers remove snow or ice. For these types of winter conditions, some vehicles have additional heaters aimed at the windows, embedded heating wire(s) in the glass, or embedded heating wire(s) in the wiper blade; these defroster systems can melt ice or help to keep snow and ice from building up on the windscreen. Less frequently, miniature wipers are installed on headlights to ensure they function optimally.
